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Valence Bond Theory & Hybridization

     The sections on Lewis structures and Valence Bond Theory are largely a review which includes molecular shapes and polarity, multiple bonding, formal charges and hybridization.  One topic which is not in the text is the relationship between hybridization and measured bond angles.  For molecules with distortion, usually due to one or more lone pairs of electrons, the extent of hybridization in both the bonding and non-bonding orbitals can be calculated if the bond angle is known.  The relationship (for hybridization involving s and p orbitals only) is as follows:

cos q = s/s-1  = p-1/p

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Copyright ©1998 Beverly J. Volicer and Steven F. Tello, UMass Lowell.  You may freely edit these pages  for use in a non-profit, educational setting.  Please include this copyright notice on all pages.