Chapter 21  Nuclear Chemistry

DEFINE:

• Radioactivity
• Alpha, beta, neutron and positron particles, gamma rays
• Radioactive decay series
• The difference between chemical reactions and nuclear reactions
• The factors that contribute to nuclear instability
• Fission and fusion

DO:

• Balance nuclear reactions
• Explain to a non-scientist how a nuclear power plant produces electricity

CALCULATE:

• Nuclear binding energy from masses of atoms
• Determine the age of an object from half-life and concentration data

Chapter 23 – Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds

*Know how to write electron configurations for transition metal atoms and ions presented in Chemistry I (see section 4.4 and 4.7)

*Know how to determine oxidation state of a metal presented in Chemistry I (see section 9.9)

Define:            

• Complex ion
• Ligand
• Coordination compound
• Coordinate covalent bond
• Coordination number
• Chelate, chelating agents
• Isomer
• Structural isomer
• Stereoisomer
• Coordination isomer
• Linkage isomer
• Geometric isomer
• cis versus trans
• fac versus mer
• Optical isomer
• Weak field versus strong field ligand
• High spin versus low spin complex

DO:

• Predict periodic trends in atomic radius, ionization energy and electronegativity for transition metals
• Identify ligands as monodentate, bidentate or polydentate
• Identify the common geometries of coordination complexes (octahedral, tetrahedral, square planar, linear)
• Explain the difference between a ligand and an ion in a complex such as [Ni(H₂O)₆]SO₄
• Explain bonding in Lewis acid-Lewis base terms
• Differentiate between structural isomers (coordination and linkage) and stereoisomers (geometric and optical)
• Use crystal field theory to explain d-orbital splitting in octahedral complexes
• Explain the relationship between the splitting of the d-orbitals and color
• Use crystal field theory to predict the number of unpaired electrons and the magnetic properties of coordination complexes
• Discuss the role of EDTA as a chelating agent, especially for toxic heavy metals
• Recognize the role of transition metals in biomolecules (such as hemoglobin, cytochrome c, chlorophyll and carbonic anhydrase) and pharmaceuticals (cisplatin)

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