Transparent emerald, the green variety of beryl, on calcite matrix |
Mineralogy Mineralogy
Laboratory |
Niocalite (blue) in sovite (calcite + apatite). Oka carbonatite complex. Crossed-polars. Width = 5.4 mm |
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The following table contains a list of mineral names and accompanying chemical formulas. You need to know the basic properties and chemical formulas for these minerals. |
Mineral formulas | ||||
Framework silicates | Carbonates, sulfates, phosphates | |||
Quartz | SiO2 | Calcite | CaCO3 | |
Sanidine | KAlSi3O8 | Magnesite | MgCO3 | |
Orthoclase | KAlSi3O8 | Siderite | FeCO3 | |
Microcline | KAlSi3O8 | Rhodochrosite | MnCO3 | |
Albite | NaAlSi3O8 | Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 | |
Anorthite | CaAl2Si2O8 | Aragonite | CaCO3 | |
Divisions of the plagioclase series | Anhydrite | CaSO4 | ||
Nepheline | NaAlSiO4 | Gypsum | CaSO4.2H2O | |
Leucite | KAlSi2O6 | Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(OH,F,Cl) | |
Sheet silicates | Monazite | (Ce,La,Th)PO4 | ||
Serpentine | Mg3Si2O5(OH)4 | Oxides, hydroxides, halides | ||
Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 | Cuprite | Cu2O | |
Muscovite | KAl3Si3O10(OH,F,Cl)2 | Spinel | MgAl2O4 | |
Biotite | K(Fe,Mg)3AlSi3O10(OH)2 | Magnetite | Fe3O4 | |
Kaolinite | Al2Si2O5(OH)4 | Chromite | FeCr2O4 | |
Chain silicates (pyroxenes) | Hematite | Fe2O3 | ||
Pigeonite | (Mg,Fe2+,Ca)Si2O6 | Corundum | Al2O3 | |
Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 | Ilmenite | FeTiO3 | |
Hedenbergite | CaFeSi2O6 | Rutile | TiO2 | |
Augite | (Ca,Mg,Fe2+,Fe3+,Al)2(Si,Al)2O6 | Uraninite | UO2 | |
Jadeite | NaAlSi2O6 | Brucite | Mg(OH)2 | |
Spodumene | LiAlSi2O6 | Gibbsite | Al(OH)3 | |
Ring silicates | Goethite | Fe(OH)2 | ||
Beryl | Al2Be3Si6O18 | Halite | NaCl | |
Orthosilicates | Sylvite | KCl | ||
Forsterite | Mg2SiO4 | Fluorite | CaF2 | |
Fayalite | Fe2SiO4 | Sulfides | ||
Garnet group | X3Y2(SiO4)3 | Pyrite | FeS2 | |
Zircon | ZrSiO4 | Galena | PbS | |
Andalusite | Al2SiO5 | Sphalerite | ZnS | |
Kyanite | Al2SiO5 | Cinnabar | HgS | |
Sillimanite | Al2SiO5 | Molybdenite | MoS2 | |
Titanite | CaTiSiO5 | Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |