The
Oslo rift can be divided into three sections - the northern
Nordmarka-Hurdalen batholith composed of syenitic and granitic
alkaline rocks, the central Finnemarka and Frammen batholiths largely
composed of biotite granite, and the southern largely monzonitic
Larvik pluton and Siljan-Mylke complex. The field trip visited
outcrops of basement rocks and plutonic rocks in the central and
southern part of the rift. Day 1 - basement and
sedimentary rocks of the Oslo graben - the basement consists of
Precambrian orthogneisses of calcalkaline compositon. Cambrian
conglomerate overlies the basement followed by a package of Cambro-Silurian
metasediments consisting of organic-rich black shales, limestones, and
sandstone. Normal faulting (small scale basin-and-range like
structures) follows deposition of the Cambro-Silurian sequence. After
erosion (the sub-Perminan peneplain) Permian slates, sandstones, and
conglomerates were deposited followed by the eruption of basalt and
rhomb-porphyry. Day 2 - Drammen and Finnemarka biotite granites
including rapakivi varieties. Also the Konnerud Pb-Zn-Cu skarn
deposit. Day 3 - Siljan-Mykle plutonic complex - gabbro and nepheline
syenite to biotite granite and alkali granite. The following
lithologies were investigated: nordmarkite, larvikite, porphyritic
syenite, microsyenite, mafic-felsic magma mingling in alkali ganite,
and nepheline syenite. Day 4 - Sagåsen larvikite quarry and nepheline
syenite pegmatite and the layered larvikite and moonstone pegmatites
at Ula.
|
Fig.
3. Geological map of the Drammen and Finnemarka batholiths. From
Andersen et al. (2008).
|
![p1010057.jpg (167607 bytes)](Images/p1010057_small.jpg) |
![p1010072.jpg (220389 bytes)](Images/p1010072_small.jpg) |
![p1010075.jpg (210113 bytes)](Images/p1010075_small.jpg) |
![p1010079.jpg (186890 bytes)](Images/p1010079_small.jpg) |
The
old geologists contemplating the state of the earth. Vigeland Park,
Oslo. |
Mauro
ponders the "message of the rock". |
Aku, Carol, and Calvin closely scrutinizing the
outcrop. |
Bucolic
Norway. |
![p1010082.jpg (208419 bytes)](Images/p1010082_small.jpg) |
![p1010093.jpg (189410 bytes)](Images/p1010093_small.jpg) |
![p1010094.jpg (213704 bytes)](Images/p1010094_small.jpg) |
![p1010103.jpg (199370 bytes)](Images/p1010103_small.jpg) |
Tom,
our fearless leader, and Edina, who kept an eye on those who wandered
off. |
Bernard
and Francois. |
Mingling
of mafic and felsic material. Lake Mykle. (Stop 3.5) |
Mingling
of mafic and felsic material. Lake Mykle. (Stop 3.5) |
![p1010104.jpg (212953 bytes)](Images/p1010104_small.jpg) |
![p1010111.jpg (216001 bytes)](Images/p1010111_small.jpg) |
![p1010108.jpg (209403 bytes)](Images/p1010108_small.jpg) |
![p1010112.jpg (211704 bytes)](Images/p1010112_small.jpg) |
A
quiet cascade, Norway. |
Sagåsen
quarry. Produces the "Blue Pearl" type of larvikite. (Stop
4.1) |
Pegmatite.
Nepheline, microcline, aegirine. |
Vertical
cross-section through the Sagåsen nepheline syenite pegmatite. |
![p1010114.jpg (185807 bytes)](Images/p1010114_small.jpg) |
![p1010139.jpg (187930 bytes)](Images/p1010139_small.jpg) |
![p1010118.jpg (215260 bytes)](Images/p1010118_small.jpg) |
![p1010133.jpg (209938 bytes)](Images/p1010133_small.jpg) |
Close-up
of the pegmatite. Microcline, sodalite, natrolite, aegirine, nepheline. |
Larvikite.
|
The
Brazilian contingent plus a Finnish interloper. |
The
Russian contingent. |
![p1010148.jpg (196979 bytes)](Images/p1010148_small.jpg) |
![p1010151.jpg (192643 bytes)](Images/p1010151_small.jpg) |
![p1010152.jpg (157608 bytes)](Images/p1010152_small.jpg) |
![p1010153.jpg (181695 bytes)](Images/p1010153_small.jpg) |
View
from shore cliffs at Ula. (Stop 4.2) |
Edina
and Tapani practicing their waves. |
Melanie
looking for a photo-op. |
Calvin
at rest. |
![p1010154.jpg (150781 bytes)](Images/p1010154_small.jpg) |
![p1010155.jpg (212374 bytes)](Images/p1010155_small.jpg) |
![p1010159.jpg (211680 bytes)](Images/p1010159_small.jpg) |
![p1010161.jpg (205320 bytes)](Images/p1010161_small.jpg) |
Denise
surveying the area. |
Bernard. |
Mauro
examining the layered larvikite, shore cliffs at Ula. |
Harbor
near Ula. |